State media reported that China’s Zhurong rover touched on Mars early Saturday, a triumph for Beijing’s increasingly bold space ambitions and a history-making feat for a nation on its first-ever Martian mission. The lander carrying Zhurong completed the treacherous descent through the Martian atmosphere using a parachute to navigate the “seven minutes of terror,” as it is known, aiming for a vast northern lava plain known as the Utopia Planitia. The mission “successfully landed in the pre-selected area”, state broadcaster CCTV said, while the official Xinhua news agency cited the China National Space Administration (CNSA) in confirming the touchdown.
Zhurong, named after a Chinese mythical fire god, arrives a few months behind America’s latest probe to Mars — Perseverance — as the show of technological might between the two superpowers plays out beyond the bounds of Earth. Six-wheeled, solar-powered, and roughly 240 kilograms, the Chinese rover is on a quest to collect and analyze rock samples from Mars’ surface.
It makes China the first country to carry out an orbiting, landing, and roving operation during its first mission to Mars — a feat unmatched by the only two nations to reach the Red Planet, the US and Russia. It is expected to spend around three months there. China’s Tianwen-1 Mars probe launch carried the rover last July and marked a significant milestone in China’s space program. The spacecraft entered Mars’ orbit in February, and after days of silence, state media announced it had reached the “crucial touchdown stage” on Friday. The complicated landing process has been called the “seven minutes of terror” because it happens faster than radio signals can reach Earth from Mars, meaning limited communications. Several US, Russian, and European attempts to land rovers on Mars have failed, most recently in 2016 with the crash-landing of the Schiaparelli joint Russian-European spacecraft.
The latest triumphant arrival came in February when the US space agency NASA landed its rover Perseverance, which has since been exploring the planet. The US rover launched a small robotic helicopter on Mars, the first-ever powered flight on another planet. The country has come a long way in its race to catch up with the United States and Russia, whose astronauts and cosmonauts have decades of experience in space exploration. China successfully launched the first module of its new space station last month with hopes of having it crewed by 2022 and eventually sending humans to the Moon. Last week a segment of the Chinese Long March 5Brocket disintegrated over the Indian Ocean in an uncontrolled landing back to Earth. That drew criticism from the United States and other nations for a breach of etiquette governing the return of space debris to Earth, with officials saying the remnants could endanger life and property.
